Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It affects individuals of all ages and is one of the most common neurological conditions worldwide. Seizures can vary in intensity and manifestation, ranging from brief lapses of attention to severe and prolonged convulsions.
Originate in one part of the brain and may or may not involve a loss of consciousness.
Involve both sides of the brain and typically cause a loss of consciousness.
Brief lapses in awareness, often mistaken for daydreaming.
Involve muscle stiffening and jerking movements, formerly known as 'grand mal' seizures.
Understanding epilepsy starts with breaking misconceptions and spreading awareness.
Fact: It is physically impossible to swallow your tongue.
Fact: No, putting objects in the mouth can cause injury.
Fact: It is a Neurological disorder.
Fact: Epilepsy does not affect Intelligence OR Memory.
Fact: Of course not, Medicine do...
Fact: Act stops on its own, not due to these factors.
Fact: Epilepsy does not spread from one person to another.
Fact: A convulsive or tonic-clonic seizure is one of many different types of seizures.
Fact: If free from seizures, one can drive a car.
Fact: If a person has a simple partial seizure, he/she will know what is happening and be aware that they are having a seizure.
Fact: Most people with epilepsy are able to work at whatever they choose to do.
Fact: 90% of the babies born to epileptic mothers are healthy.
Fact: 70% of people achieve freedom from epilepsy by effective management.
Fact: In many cases there is no family history at all.
Epilepsy may arise due to various factors, including:
Inherited genetic mutations affecting brain function.
Brain injuries, tumors, strokes, or cerebral malformations.
Infections (e.g., meningitis), hypoglycemia, or electrolyte imbalances.
Autoimmune encephalitis or multiple sclerosis.
Cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, or intellectual disabilities.
Drug use, withdrawal from sedatives, or poisoning.
No identifiable cause in some cases (idiopathic epilepsy).
Detailed description of seizures, family history, and neurological exam.
Records brain electrical activity to identify abnormal patterns.
Helps identify structural causes of epilepsy.
To check for metabolic imbalances, infections, or other underlying causes.
Handle seizures confidently with these step-by-step guides:
Administered intranasally to stop seizures.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 50 million people globally live with epilepsy, making it one of the most prevalent neurological disorders.
In India, an estimated 10 million people live with epilepsy. A significant gap in awareness, diagnosis, and treatment accessibility remains, especially in rural areas. Initiatives like Epilepsy Smart Schools and telehealth services aim to bridge this gap.
School staff must be familiar with each child's specific seizure action plan.
Ensure prescribed emergency medications are readily available and stored securely.
Implement safety measures to provide a secure and supportive environment.
Establish clear guidelines for managing seizures and provide proper training to staff.
Educate staff and students about epilepsy to reduce stigma and foster an inclusive environment.
A Seizure Action Plan (SAP) is a vital tool for managing epilepsy and seizure disorders, especially in environments like schools, workplaces, or public settings where individuals may require immediate assistance.
Learn about epilepsy and spread awareness to reduce stigma.
Be a source of emotional support for individuals and their families.
Help develop seizure action plans and ensure safe environments.
Assist with transportation, medication management, and daily tasks.
Advocate for accommodations at school or work and encourage participation in activities.
Remind individuals to attend regular check-ups with their healthcare provider.
Provide empathy, encouragement, and help build confidence.
Learn about epilepsy, raise awareness, and advocate for rights.
Help maintain routines, manage triggers, and implement safety measures.
Assist with social interactions and manage potential behavioral issues.
Work with schools to ensure appropriate academic accommodations.
Manage medical appointments and communicate with healthcare providers.